Western diet changes gut bacteria. Fecal transplantation therapy is increasingly used to restore balance of intestinal flora. How fecal microbiota transplantation is used in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis? Western diet leads to autoimmune intestinal disease. Gut bacteria have their own circadian rhythms. Western diet changes gut bacteria. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Fecal transplantation therapy is effective treatment for clostridium difficile infection. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Fecal Microbiota transfer can also treat ulcerative colitis. Video interview with leading expert in gastroenterology Harvard Medical School.. fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT or fecal transplantation) can also treat Crohn's disease. Hygiene hypothesis explains why ulcerative colitis and other autoimmune disease increase in incidence. Western diet changes gut bacteria in adults and adolescents. That is why fecal transplantation therapy is needed for more patients with autoimmune diseases. Medical second opinion helps to make sure ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease diagnosis is correct and complete. Medical second opinion also helps to choose the best treatment for ulcerative colitis. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Stool transplant for clostridium difficile has been very effective on first attempt. Fecal transplantation might also play a role in obesity and autoimmune disease. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. How to change gut bacteria to lose weight? Fecal transplants might be helpful to restore balance of gut microbiome. This is why understanding intestinal bacteria is important for medicine and can lead to new and inexpensive treatments. Western diet changes gut bacteria because of highly processed food and saturated fats. Ulcerative colitis patients can benefit from fecal transplantation therapy. Western diet changes gut bacteria. Fecal transplantation in ulcerative colitis. Fecal Microbiota Transfer. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. This was previously discussed. Alteration of gluten and non-gluten components in grains by radiation and selection. It is is only one change in modern food. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Other changes are nitrogen fixation and fertilizers. High energy from oil is used to make fertilizers. Probably 20% to 30% of nitrogen in our bodies comes from artificial fixation of nitrogen in fertilizer. Artificial process to fix nitrogen and make fertilizers allows much better nutrition. This fuels population growth in developing world. World population increased from 3 to 7 billion. Overnutrition is a problem in developing world. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Many patients are overweight and obese. Many patients with obesity in the developing world now suffer from "Western diet" type of disease. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. We discussed the theme of excess nutrition and Western diet with Dr. Robert Lustig from University of California in San Francisco. We also discussed increasing asthma prevalence in Western society with Dr. Esteban Burchard in San Francisco. Hygiene hypothesis is perhaps an explanation for increasing asthma in children in Western society. There was a research study that looked at immunoglobulin (IgE) levels in children with asthma in Finland and in North West of Russia. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. These populations are similar genetically and demographically. Asthma rates in Finnish children increased dramatically over last 50 years. But asthma rates in children in North West of Russia stayed at a similar level. Levels of allergy indicators (IgE immunoglobulin level) in Finnish children were found to be higher than in children who lived in North West of Russia. Hygiene hypothesis could offer explanation of increase in asthma in Finnish children. Lifestyle in Finland improved dramatically in last 50 years. Children in Finland live in a cleaner environment compared with children in Russia. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Immune system of Finnish children could attack its own body. This can result in asthma. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. (Gastroenterologist, Harvard Medical School). It is interesting. We mentioned celiac disease. Changes in microbiome are changes in gut bacteria composition and ratios. This might predispose patients to gluten sensitivity. There is also inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis. There is a genetic predisposition because these diseases run in families. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. But there also might be alterations in the immune response and inflammation in autoimmune diseases. There were also changes in the microbiome of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Hygiene hypothesis probably explains some of the pathologic changes in these diseases. We worked with Dr. Allan Moss, MD at Harvard Institute of translational immunology. We study how to change microbiome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease by fecal transplantation (FMT, Fecal Microbiota Transfer). This is a cheap treatment. You take fecal mass (stool) from a healthy patient. Patient with inflammatory bowel disease then has colonoscopy. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Fecal transfer from healthy patient is introduced to the patient's gut during colonoscopy. We had very good short term results with fecal transplantation. It is also called fecal microbiota transplantation, FMT. Fecal transfer from a healthy patient corrected microbiome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Fecal transplants are used to treat Clostridium difficile colitis (C. diff colitis). Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Yes, fecal transplants are used to treat C. diff colitis. Fecal transfer is very effective in C. diff infection. Treatment of C. diff with fecal transplant is effective in 90% of cases. Often just one fecal microbiota transfer is needed. But inflammatory bowel disease is more complicated. Often we need to repeat correction of microbiome by fecal transplantation. But you are right, C. diff treatment with fecal transplant works magically. I find it interesting. With the experiments you can create obesity in mice. You can treat obese mice by transfer of microbiome via fecal transplantation. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Mice loose weight or gain weight depending on composition of their microbiome. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. This is wonderful new research. There is a lot to learn about microbiome correction and fecal microbiota transfers, FMT. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Jet lag is well known. There is a medical article in journal "Cell". Scientists studied jet lag and circadian rhythms in bacteria in gut and in bile. Bacteria in intestines (gut) and in bile have their own bacterial circadian rhythms. Bacterial circadian programs change with jet lag. In jet lag your body adjusts to new day-night cycle. But it is dark in colon. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. But bacterial circadian programs are driven by regular food intake. Food intake patterns change in new location. Bacteria are jet-lagged by 6 to 8 hours. It takes some time for microbiome and gut bacteria to also reset itself. Bacterial circadian programs drive bacterial jet-lag after travel. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. I will make sure that I synchronize my bacterial circadian rhythms to the new time zone. Dr. Simon Robson, MD. Your jet-lagged bacteria will appreciate it very much! I certainly hope so. Western diet changes gut bacteria. Fecal transplantation. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. Video interview with leading gastroenterologist. Fecal transplants for obesity? Hygiene hypothesis.